• There is no certain role for adjuvant chemotherapy . Although chemotherapy such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or
mitomycin-C is often recommended, no studies have shown that the chance of cure can be increased.
• Radiation is often given to the liver area after surgery but has never been proven to be beneficial.
• The use of a combination of 5-FU and radiation therapy following complete removal of the cancer is now
being studied.
Localized Unresectable
Despite being a localized mass, the tumor cannot be removed because of the particular way it has spread to local lymph nodes or adjacent liver tissue .
Standard Treatment There is no standard treatment. Patients should be considered for clinical trials aimed at prolonging survival and relieving the symptoms associated with the tumor.
Two-Year Survival Less than 5 percent
Investigational
Protocols designed to test the additive benefit of combining radiation with chemotherapy are ongoing and should be offered to patients with this condition.
